CVE-2025-60021Brpc Command Injection
Remote command injection vulnerability in heap profiler builtin service in Apache bRPC ((all versions < 1.15.0)) on all platforms allows attacker to inject remote command.
Published Feb 9, 2026 · Updated Oct 21, 2026
Key Facts
Patch immediately- CVE-2025-60021 is a critical-severity vulnerability (CVSS 9.8 v3.1) affecting Brpc (Apache).
- It is exploited in the wild, listed in Industry KEV feed since May 1, 2026. No public exploit code is known.
- EPSS estimates a 26% probability of exploitation in the next 30 days.
- Fixed versions are available, including Brpc 1.15.0.
- Brandefense priority: patch immediately, because it is listed as exploited in the wild.
Scores
CVSS v3.1
9.8
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
EPSS (30-day exploit likelihood)
26%
Higher than 97.9% of all scored CVEs
Exploit maturity
Exploited (KEV)
ATLAS score
56/100
Publication score, see How it works
Exploitation Verdict
KEV listed
May 1, 2026
81 days after publication
Federal due date
None
No federal due date
Attributed actors
Exploit & Defence Guidance
Exploit maturity
Exploited (KEV)
Public exploit code
0
Proof-of-concept links
In-the-wild evidence
1
Reports of active use
Advisories And Exploit References
- advisoryhttps://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-60021
- advisoryhttps://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-60021
- advisoryhttps://lists.apache.org/thread/hbvf1ztqw2kv51khvzm5nk3mml3nm4z1
- advisoryhttps://lists.apache.org/thread/xy51d2fx6drzhfp92xptsx5845q7b37m
- advisoryUSOM advisory
- advisoryhttp://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2026/01/16/4
Description
Remote command injection vulnerability in heap profiler builtin service in Apache bRPC ((all versions < 1.15.0)) on all platforms allows attacker to inject remote command.
Root Cause: The bRPC heap profiler built-in service (/pprof/heap) does not validate the user-provided extra_options parameter and executes it as a command-line argument. Attackers can execute remote commands using the extra_options parameter..
Affected scenarios: Use the built-in bRPC heap profiler service to perform jemalloc memory profiling.
How to Fix: we provide two methods, you can choose one of them:
- Upgrade bRPC to version 1.15.0.
- Apply this patch ( https://github.com/apache/brpc/pull/3101 ) manually.
Known-Exploited Catalog Listings
| Catalog | Added | Remediation due | Ransomware use |
|---|---|---|---|
| Industry KEV feed | May 1, 2026 | n/a | Not reported |
Affected Products
2 affected entries in total| Product | Affected versions | Fixed in |
|---|---|---|
| BrpcApache | >= 1.11.0 | 1.15.0 |
Patched Releases
Brpc
1.15.0
Timeline
Publicly disclosed
Feb 9, 2026
Added to Industry KEV feed
May 1, 2026
Last updated
Oct 21, 2026
Weakness Type
- CWE-77 Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command ('Command Injection')
References
- advisorycve.org · CVERecord
- advisorynvd.nist.gov · CVE-2025-60021
- advisorylists.apache.org · hbvf1ztqw2kv51khvzm5nk3mml3nm4z1
- advisorylists.apache.org · xy51d2fx6drzhfp92xptsx5845q7b37m
- advisoryUSOM advisory
FAQ
Common Questions.
Remote command injection vulnerability in heap profiler builtin service in Apache bRPC ((all versions < 1.15.0)) on all platforms allows attacker to inject remote command.
Affected: Brpc (Apache) versions >= 1.11.0. The full list is in the CVE brief.
It is exploited in the wild, listed in Industry KEV feed since May 1, 2026.
No, it is not currently listed in the CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog.
No public exploit code is known.
Fixed versions are available, including Brpc 1.15.0.
Brandefense priority: patch immediately, because it is listed as exploited in the wild.
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