CVE-2023-39780
HighExploitedPublic exploitOn ASUS RT-AX55 3.0.0.4.386.51598 devices, authenticated attackers can perform OS command injection via the /start_apply.htm qos_bw_rulelist parameter.
Published Sep 11, 2023 · Updated Oct 31, 2025
Key Facts
Patch immediately- CVE-2023-39780 is a high-severity vulnerability (CVSS 8.8 v3.1) affecting Rt-Ax55 Firmware (Asus), RT-AX55.
- It is exploited in the wild, listed in CISA KEV, Industry KEV feed, CIRCL KEV, ENISA EUVD since May 28, 2025. Public exploit code is available.
- EPSS estimates a 40% probability of exploitation in the next 30 days.
- No fixed version is listed yet; check the vendor advisory for mitigations.
- Brandefense priority: patch immediately, because it is listed as exploited in the wild.
CVSS v3.1
8.8
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
EPSS (30-day exploit likelihood)
40%
Higher than 98.6% of all scored CVEs
Exploited in the wild
Yes
4 catalog listings
Public exploit code
Available
Proof-of-concept or weaponized module
Get the full CVE-2023-39780 brief as a PDF
Every affected product and fixed release, exploitation status and a first 24 hours response checklist, emailed within minutes.
Description
On ASUS RT-AX55 3.0.0.4.386.51598 devices, authenticated attackers can perform OS command injection via the /start_apply.htm qos_bw_rulelist parameter. NOTE: for the similar "token-generated module" issue, see CVE-2023-41345; for the similar "token-refresh module" issue, see CVE-2023-41346; for the similar "check token module" issue, see CVE-2023-41347; and for the similar "code-authentication module" issue, see CVE-2023-41348.
Known-Exploited Catalog Listings
| Catalog | Added | Remediation due | Ransomware use |
|---|---|---|---|
| CISA KEV | Jun 2, 2025 | Jun 23, 2025 | Not reported |
| Industry KEV feed | May 28, 2025 | Jun 23, 2025 | Not reported |
| CIRCL KEV | Jun 2, 2025 | Jun 23, 2025 | Not reported |
| ENISA EUVD | Jun 2, 2025 | n/a | Not reported |
Required action: Apply mitigations per vendor instructions, follow applicable BOD 22-01 guidance for cloud services, or discontinue use of the product if mitigations are unavailable.
Affected Products
2 affected entries in total| Product | Affected versions | Fixed in |
|---|---|---|
| Rt-Ax55 FirmwareAsus | 3.0.0.4.386.51598 | n/a |
| RT-AX55 | >= 3.0.0.4.386.51598 | n/a |
Timeline
Publicly disclosed
Sep 11, 2023
Added to Industry KEV feed
May 28, 2025
Added to CISA KEV
Jun 2, 2025
Added to CIRCL KEV
Jun 2, 2025
Added to ENISA EUVD
Jun 2, 2025
Last updated
Oct 31, 2025
Weakness Type
- CWE-78 Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command ('OS Command Injection')
References
- exploitVulnCheck exploitation report
- exploitVulnCheck exploitation report
- exploitVulnCheck exploitation report
- exploithttps://github.com/D2y6p/CVE/blob/main/asus/CVE-2023-39780/1/EN.md
- exploithttps://github.com/D2y6p/CVE/blob/main/asus/CVE-2023-39780/2/EN.md
FAQ
Common Questions.
On ASUS RT-AX55 3.0.0.4.386.51598 devices, authenticated attackers can perform OS command injection via the /start_apply.htm qos_bw_rulelist parameter.
Affected: Rt-Ax55 Firmware (Asus) versions 3.0.0.4.386.51598; RT-AX55 versions >= 3.0.0.4.386.51598. The full list is in the CVE brief.
It is exploited in the wild, listed in CISA KEV, Industry KEV feed, CIRCL KEV, ENISA EUVD since May 28, 2025.
Yes. It was added on Jun 2, 2025 with a federal remediation due date of Jun 23, 2025.
Public exploit code is available.
No fixed version is listed yet; check the vendor advisory for mitigations.
Brandefense priority: patch immediately, because it is listed as exploited in the wild.
Is CVE-2023-39780 Running On Your Attack Surface?
Brandefense maps vulnerabilities like this one to your internet-facing assets and tells you exactly where to patch.
Request A Demo