Which products and versions are affected by CVE-2025-23061?

Affected: Mongoose (Mongoosejs) versions >= 6.0.0, >= 8.0.0-rc0; @seal-security/mongoose (seal); @rootio/mongoose (root). The full list is in the CVE brief.

Is CVE-2025-23061 being exploited in the wild?

It is not listed in any known-exploited vulnerabilities catalog.

Is CVE-2025-23061 in the CISA KEV catalog?

No, it is not currently listed in the CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog.

Is there a public exploit for CVE-2025-23061?

No public exploit code is known.

Is there a fix for CVE-2025-23061?

Fixed versions are available, including @rootio/mongoose 5.13.23-root.io.1, @rootio/mongoose 6.9.1-root.io.2, @rootio/mongoose 6.9.1-root.io.3.

How urgently should CVE-2025-23061 be patched?

Brandefense priority: patch in the next maintenance window, because of its high severity, although no exploitation is known.

Request A Demo

Vulnerability Intelligence

CVE-2025-23061

Critical

Mongoose search injection vulnerability

Published Jan 15, 2025 · Updated Sep 10, 2026 · Also known as BIT-mongoose-2025-23061, GHSA-vg7j-7cwx-8wgw, ROOT-APP-NPM-CVE-2025-23061

Key Facts

Patch in the next maintenance window

CVE-2025-23061 is a critical-severity vulnerability (CVSS 9.8 v3.1) affecting Mongoose (Mongoosejs), @seal-security/mongoose (seal), @rootio/mongoose (root).
It is not listed in any known-exploited vulnerabilities catalog. No public exploit code is known.
EPSS estimates a 7.3% probability of exploitation in the next 30 days.
Fixed versions are available, including @rootio/mongoose 5.13.23-root.io.1, @rootio/mongoose 6.9.1-root.io.2, @rootio/mongoose 6.9.1-root.io.3.
Brandefense priority: patch in the next maintenance window, because of its high severity, although no exploitation is known.

CVSS v3.1

9.8

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

EPSS (30-day exploit likelihood)

7.3%

Higher than 94.2% of all scored CVEs

Exploited in the wild

No known

Not in a known-exploited catalog

Public exploit code

None known

Get the full CVE-2025-23061 brief as a PDF

Every affected product and fixed release, exploitation status and a first 24 hours response checklist, emailed within minutes.

Description

Mongoose before 8.9.5 can improperly use a nested $where filter with a populate() match, leading to search injection. NOTE: this issue exists because of an incomplete fix for CVE-2024-53900.

Affected Products

8 affected entries in total

Product	Affected versions	Fixed in
MongooseMongoosejs	>= 6.0.0, >= 8.0.0-rc0	6.13.6
@seal-security/mongooseseal	See advisory	5.3.3-sp999
@rootio/mongooseroot	See advisory	5.13.23-root.io.1

Patched Releases

@rootio/mongoose

5.13.23-root.io.1, 6.9.1-root.io.2, 6.9.1-root.io.3, 6.9.1-root.io.4

@seal-security/mongoose

5.3.3-sp999

Mongoose

5.13.23-aikido.1, 5.3.3-sp999, 6.13.6, 6.9.1-aikido.2, 6.9.1-aikido.3, 6.9.1-aikido.4, 7.8.4, 8.9.5

Timeline

Publicly disclosed
Jan 15, 2025
Last updated
Sep 10, 2026

Weakness Type

CWE-94 Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')

References

9 more references in the full CVE brief

FAQ

Common Questions.

Mongoose before 8.9.5 can improperly use a nested $where filter with a populate() match, leading to search injection.
Affected: Mongoose (Mongoosejs) versions >= 6.0.0, >= 8.0.0-rc0; @seal-security/mongoose (seal); @rootio/mongoose (root). The full list is in the CVE brief.
It is not listed in any known-exploited vulnerabilities catalog.
No, it is not currently listed in the CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog.
No public exploit code is known.
Fixed versions are available, including @rootio/mongoose 5.13.23-root.io.1, @rootio/mongoose 6.9.1-root.io.2, @rootio/mongoose 6.9.1-root.io.3.
Brandefense priority: patch in the next maintenance window, because of its high severity, although no exploitation is known.

Is CVE-2025-23061 Running On Your Attack Surface?

Brandefense maps vulnerabilities like this one to your internet-facing assets and tells you exactly where to patch.