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Nation-state APTEspionageAdvanced sophistication

PuzzleMaker

PuzzleMaker is a nation-state APT group with an espionage motive, tracked by Brandefense. It uses 9 MITRE ATT&CK techniques.

Techniques
9
Exploited CVEs
No CVE data
First seen
Jun 8, 2021
Last seen
Jun 8, 2021
Record updated

How They Operate · MITRE ATT&CK.

9 techniques across 6 of 14 tactics

Reconnaissance1

T1071.001
Application Layer Protocol: Web Protocols

Resource Development·

Initial Access2

T1190
Exploit Public-Facing Application
T1203
Exploitation for Client Execution

Execution2

T1055
Process Injection
T1105
Ingress Tool Transfer

Persistence1

T1543.003
Create or Modify System Process: Windows Service

Privilege Escalation1

T1068
Exploitation for Privilege Escalation

Defense Evasion2

T1036.005
Masquerading: Match Legitimate Resource Name or Location
T1070.004
Indicator Removal: File Deletion

Credential Access·

Discovery·

Lateral Movement·

Collection·

Command and Control·

Exfiltration·

Impact·

Indicators Of Compromise.

TLP:AMBER

5 indicators on the Brandefense platform

IP, domain and hash indicators · YARA rules · ATT&CK Navigator export

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About PuzzleMaker.

An advanced threat actor discovered in June 2021 responsible for targeted attacks utilizing chained Chrome and Windows zero-day exploits to deploy custom modular backdoors.

Last updated Oct 19, 2026. Compiled by Brandefense technologies from structured threat intelligence and reviewed by Brandefense analysts. Techniques follow the MITRE ATT&CK framework.